Who we are – our community
We are children, young people and adults, we are parents and grandparents. We are also friends, family and whānau. What we want is no different to anyone else in New Zealand; we want to belong, contribute to our families and whānau and participate in our communities.
We are 1.1 million New Zealanders and we represent almost a quarter (24 percent) of New Zealand’s population.
The language about disability is really important
We are part of diversity and we are diverse ourselves
Disability impacts on many non-disabled people too
What disability means to us
Disability is something that happens when people with impairments face barriers in society; it is society that disables us, not our impairments, this is the thing all disabled people have in common. It is something that happens when the world we live in has been designed by people who assume that everyone is the same. That is why a non-disabling society is core to the vision of this Strategy.
Every human being is a unique individual. Even if we have the same impairment as someone else, we will experience different opportunities and barriers because of where we live and how we are treated by those around us. The time and context in our lives when we may acquire our impairment(s) also informs what barriers or opportunities we may experience.
This is the social model of disability and it is how we understood disability in the first Strategy in 2001. It still holds true today. It is also the same understanding of disability that is embodied in the Convention. The Convention says that disabled people include:
“…those who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments which in interaction with various barriers may hinder their full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others…” (Article 1).
The language about disability is really important
There are many words and terms that are used to identify disability. The way these are understood differs and this was apparent during consultation to support the development of this Strategy. For some of us, the term ‘disabled people’ is a source of pride, identity and recognition that disabling barriers exist within society and not with us as individuals.
For others, the term ‘people with disability’ has the same meaning and is important to those who want to be recognised as a person before their disability.
This Strategy uses the term ‘disabled people’. This is based on advice from the New Zealand Disability Strategy Revision Reference Group and in recognition of the history of the term in the 2001 Strategy. In future, it is possible that our community reaches a consensus on a different way to describe us. If this happens, the language in this Strategy can be changed to reflect this.
Not all members of our community identify with disability-focused language. For example, older people and their families and whānau sometimes think that disability is a normal part of the ageing process. People with invisible impairments such as mental health issues can sometimes identify as part of the mental health community, and not the disability community. Deaf people identify as part of the Deaf community with its own unique language and culture, and do not always identify as being disabled. Most Māori disabled people identify as Māori first. The importance of their cultural identity, which encompasses language, whānau, cultural principles, practices and linkages to the land through genealogy, is paramount to how they live their day to day lives in both Te Ao Māori and Te Ao Pakeha.
It is also important to recognise that Te Reo Māori and New Zealand Sign Language are both official languages of New Zealand. Their place in our society needs to be acknowledged, respected and supported in the implementation of this Strategy.
We know that non-disabled people are sometimes not sure which words or terms to use in order to be respectful. Our advice is to listen to how we refer to ourselves and use the same language. If you are still not sure, then just ask us what language we prefer.
We are part of diversity and we are diverse ourselves
Disabled people are part of the vast and diverse human experience. Just as we accept and respect differences like gender, ethnicity, language or belief, the difference and diversity of disabled people need to be understood, acknowledged and celebrated.
Just like other communities, the disability community has different groups of people who experience life in different ways. We think it is important to acknowledge the diversity of our community, both because we are proud of it and also because we want to make sure that no one is left behind. The Strategy is for all of us.
The points below describe some of the rich diversity within our community:
- Māori are the tangata whenua of New Zealand and as the indigenous people they have a special relationship with the Crown. This relationship is recorded in the founding document of Aotearoa New Zealand, Te Tiriti o Waitangi.
- Addressing the inequality that Māori disabled people face is important; 26 percent of Māori identified as disabled in 2013. When adjusted for age, the Māori disability rate is 32 percent. A Māori world view needs to be woven into the implementation of this Strategy. This includes the cultural importance of whānau and a whānau-centred approach which differs from Western concepts of family and disability.
- New Zealand Sign Language (NZSL) is an official language of New Zealand used by some 20,000 New Zealanders , approximately 4,000 of whom are Deaf people who use NZSL as their first or preferred language .
- The demography of our country is changing, and we are increasingly becoming a multicultural society. This is important to the disability community, as people from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds can sometimes understand and experience disability in different ways to others.
- Pacific peoples make up a growing proportion of our country and of the disability community (19 percent of Pacific people identified as disabled in 2013), as do people from Asian backgrounds (13 percent in 2013). Twenty-eight percent of people from Middle Eastern, Latin American and African backgrounds identified as disabled in 2013. Over the coming decades, we will see more cultural and ethnic diversity in the disability community.
- New Zealand has an ageing population which will result over time in an increasing proportion of people experiencing disability. In 2013, 59 percent of people over the age of 65 identified as disabled . Disabled people are also living longer, and there will be an increasing number of people with age-related impairments. This is a global trend and one that is drawing greater attention to disability. Meeting the needs and challenges of our ageing population is a significant issue now, and will continue to be over coming decades.
- Gender norming plays out in the disability community, just like it does in society more generally. Disabled women and girls face different barriers to disabled men and boys.
- Disability and sexuality is also important for our community. Some of our members do not identify as part of the gender binary (male or female) or have a predominant sexual orientation. There can also be an incorrect perception that disabled people do not have sexual needs or desires.
- The international catch-cry of disabled people is ‘nothing about us, without us’. For our disability community in New Zealand, this also includes those of us who find it hard to, or are not able to, speak for ourselves. We are amongst the most vulnerable and marginalised members of our disability community. While there may be different terms used for our group, such as people with ‘intensive support’, or ‘special’ needs, the thing we have in common is that we often rely on other people to support us to make decisions and to communicate.
Our community will change
This is just a snapshot of the rich diversity of the disability community. Because disability is about the way other people treat us, it is a dynamic concept that will continue to evolve as our society changes over time.
Future economic growth of the country has the potential to be constrained by skill and labour shortages. The low employment rates of disabled people represent a significant loss of potential contribution to New Zealand’s economy.
Disability impacts on many non-disabled people too
Our families, whānau, friends, carers and supporters are an important part of our community. In this way, disability is something that impacts on people without impairments. The disabling society we experience affects them too.
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